In 1993 Kuz’minov and Osiko pointed out the ‘disturbance??of stoichiometry in LN crystals is mainly because of the lack of oxygen in Nb2O5, employed as being a raw material Original soften (Czochralski strategy) [186]. Accordingly, according to its creation technology, niobium pentoxide can adopt an array of compositions Nb2O5?x. Thus, when ST